The purpose of friction materials is to regulate or stop movement by generating friction between surfaces. These materials, which can be organic or inorganic, are necessary for many uses including mining, industry, the military, and automobiles. However, their lifespan is limited due to their function, necessitating timely replacement and routine monitoring.

The characteristics of friction material differ. We look at the common types below to help you choose the right one at Kor Pak.

Semi-metallic friction materials

These are made of synthetic fibers and sintered metals. They are the most resilient kind of friction material. They are ideal for controlling and stopping large machines because of their high heat tolerance and strong stopping force. This also contributes to their longevity. However, the coarse texture of semi-metallic friction materials may be abrasive to rotors and other parts with which they come into contact.

Organic friction materials

The components that create organic friction materials are usually a combination of rubber, metallic particles, and phenolic resin. They come in molded and woven varieties. Fiberglass is woven into organic friction materials to increase their longevity and resilience. This kind provides excellent strength, wear resistance, and smooth engagement.

Although molded organic friction materials are less expensive than their woven equivalents, they typically don’t last as long. Their diminished strength makes them appropriate for light to medium-duty applications.

Ceramic friction materials

Ceramic friction materials are made of porcelain mixed with copper or other sintered metals. They are intended to provide quiet and smooth braking. Their main advantage is that they can work with little noise or dust.

However, ceramic friction materials are not appropriate for heavy-duty applications. This is because they are prone to overheating. To extend their lifespan, handle them carefully and do not put them under too much strain.

Kevlar friction materials

Kevlar has low rates of abrasion and wear and is oil-resistant. The material works dependably in wet and dry situations because it is free of metal particles. It is made in sheets or rolls and lasts up to five times as long as sintered metals and asbestos. When used as a friction material, Kevlar offers a silent and smooth experience without causing abrasion, damage, or scratching to the surfaces it touches.

Because of their flexibility, Kevlar rolls are frequently found in clutches, magnetic brakes, and tensioning devices. On the other hand, Kevlar sheets are ground on both sides, rigid, and durable. These sheets are used in tensioning units and for handling slide and overload problems.

Wet friction materials

Surfaces with different characteristics, such as solid and liquid interfaces, can experience wet friction. However, the friction intensity is lower than that of dry friction. Wet friction materials are defined by their permeability, porosity, and compressibility. They also operate in fluid conditions.

One of the most popular types of wet friction materials is made from paper utilizing machines that make paper. Other varieties include pultruded, sintered, braided, air-laid, and thermal spray. Wet friction materials (WFMs) are classified according to their energy and pressure levels, as well as their functions, such as slipping, engaging, or holding.

Closing thoughts

The best friction material largely depends on the material’s composition, application-specific requirements, and quality standards.